smjournalСпортивная медицина: наука и практикаSports medicine: research and practice2223-25242587-9014NEICON10.17238/ISSN2223-2524.2019.2.5smjournal-154Research ArticleФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ СПОРТАSPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRYАнализ гипотез развития синдрома перетренированностиDevelopment of overtraining syndrome: survey of hypotheseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-0722ДикунецМ. А.DikunetsM. A.

Дикунец Марина Александровна, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории проблем спортивной подготовки, к.х.н.  

г. Москва

Marina A. Dikunets, Ph.D. (Chemistry), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Problems of Athletic Performance

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-3283ДудкоГ. А.DudkoG. A.

Дудко Григорий Алексеевич, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории проблем спортивной подготовки 

г. Москва

+7 (925) 729-02-75

Grigory A. Dudko, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Problems of Athletic Performance

Moscow

dudko@vniifk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-258XШачневЕ. Н.ShachnevE. N.

Шачнев Евгений Николаевич, заместитель генерального директора по развитию  

г. Москва

Evgeniy N. Shachnev, Deputy General Manager for Development

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-9694МякинченкоЕ. Б.MyakinchenkoE. B.

Мякинченко Евгений Борисович, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории проблем спортивной подготовки, д.пед.н.  

г. Москва

Evgeniy B. Myakinchenko, D.Sc. (Education), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Problems of Athletic Performance

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1023-5490ЛянгО. В.LyangO. V.

Лянг Ольга Викторовна, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсом клинической лабораторной диагностики, доцент, к.б.н..  

г. Москва

Olga V. Lyang, Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Course

Moscow

ФГБУ Федеральный научный центр физической культуры и спорта, Министерство спорта РФРоссияFederal Science Center for Physical Culture and SportRussian FederationООО Научный центр «ЭФиС»РоссияScientific Center «EFiS» LLCRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов, Министерство науки и высшего образования РФРоссияPeople’s Friendship University of RussiaRussian Federation20192508202092514Copyright © Дикунец М.А., Дудко Г.А., Шачнев Е.Н., Мякинченко Е.Б., Лянг О.В., 20202020Дикунец М.А., Дудко Г.А., Шачнев Е.Н., Мякинченко Е.Б., Лянг О.В.Dikunets M.A., Dudko G.A., Shachnev E.N., Myakinchenko E.B., Lyang O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/154

В настоящем обзоре представлены современные обобщенные знания по определению, причинам возникновения, симптомам, а также проявлениям синдрома перетренированности у спортсменов. Для изучения синдрома перетренированности необходим анализ биохимических, физиологических, эндокринных, нейрональных и миологических параметров, каждый из которых потенциально вовлечен в понимание метаболических аспектов перетренированности. Развитие синдрома перетренированности объясняется многочисленными гипотезами, каждая из которых имеет свои сильные и слабые стороны. Каждая теория сосредоточена вокруг ключевого параметра, дисбаланс которого может привести к перетренированности в ходе выполнения длительных нагрузок с высокой интенсивностью. Очевидно, что ни один отдельно взятый маркер не может быть использован для диагностических целей. Комплексный подход для объяснения развития синдрома перетренированности обеспечивает теория цитокинов.

This review presents current summarized knowledge on definition, causes, symptoms and evidence of overtraining syndrome in athletes. Analysis of biochemical, physiological, endocrine, neuronal and mycological parameters, each of which is potentially involved in understanding of the metabolic aspects of overtraining syndrome, is required to study the latter. The development of overtraining syndrome is explained by numerous hypotheses with their own strengths and weaknesses. Each theory is centered around a key parameter, disbalance of which can lead to overtraining during the execution of long-term high intensity training loads. Obviously none of isolated markers can be used for diagnostic purposes. A comprehensive approach to explain overtraining syndrome development is provided by a theory of cytokines.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.