<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Спортивная медицина: наука и практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sports medicine: research and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2524</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9014</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NEICON</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/ISSN2223-2524.2019.4.60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smjournal-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПОРТИВНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о необходимости оптимизации психологических мероприятий медико-биологического обеспечения спортсменов высшей квалификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Revisiting the need for optimization of psychological interventions in the medical service system for elite athletes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7200-7875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баршак</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barshak</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баршак Сергей Игоревич, психолог отдела медико-психологического сопровождения спортсменов сборных команд  </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Barshak, Psychologist of the Department of medical and psychological support of National team athletes of Russia </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иголкина</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Igolkina</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иголкина Александра Евгеньевна, научный сотрудник организационно-исследовательского отдела  </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra E. Igolkina, Researcher at the Department of research organization </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаров Кирилл Сергеевич, психолог отдела медико-психологического сопровождения спортсменов сборных команд </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill S. Nazarov, Psychologist of the Department of medical and psychological support of National team athletes of Russia </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2168-921X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митин Игорь Николаевич, ведущий научный сотрудник организационно-исследовательского отдела, к.м.н.    </p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (919) 100-20-57</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Mitin, M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine), Leading Researcher of the Department of research organization </p><p>Moscow</p><p>+7 (919) 100-20-57 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MitinIN@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-9936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парастаев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parastaev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парастаев Сергей Андреевич, профессор кафедры реабилитации, спортивной медицины и физической культуры, проф., д.м.н.  </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Parastaev, M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine), Prof., Professor at the Department of Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine and Physical Culture </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-9761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолинский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholinskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жолинский Андрей Владимирович, директор, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Zholinskiy, M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine), Director </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации, Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации, Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство России; ФГБОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова, Министерство здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баршак С.И., Иголкина А.Е., Назаров К.С., Митин И.Н., Парастаев С.А., Жолинский А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баршак С.И., Иголкина А.Е., Назаров К.С., Митин И.Н., Парастаев С.А., Жолинский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barshak S.I., Igolkina A.E., Nazarov K.S., Mitin I.N., Parastaev S.A., Zholinskiy A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/182">https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/182</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: выявление особенностей дезаптационных нарушений у спортсменов сборных команд России в связи с необходимостью внесения изменений в существующую систему мероприятий психологического характера медико-биологического обеспечения спорта высших достижений. Материалы и методы: анализированы результаты психологической диагностики 1176 спортсменов сборных команд России, проводимой в рамках углубленного медицинского обследования за период с 2015 по 2018 год. Рассмотрены спортивные единоборства, циклические, игровые, скоростно-силовые и сложно-координационные виды спорта. Результаты: выявлены закономерности адаптации психической сферы спортсменов разного пола, возраста, специализации и квалификации. Выводы: существенным дезаптационным нарушениям подвержены спортсмены различных сборных команд России от юниоров до заслуженных мастеров спорта. В этой связи необходимо внесение изменений в существующую систему мероприятий психологического характера медико-биологического обеспечения – внедрение программ профилактики и коррекции дезадаптаций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: revelation of disadaptation among Russian elite athletesof necessity to optimize psychological interventions among biomedical support system for elite athletes. All participants were athletes of several Russian national teams, among them cyclic sports, game sports, complex coordination sports, and combat sports. Materials and methods: data obtained from 1176 elite athletes during extended medical examinations (EME) within the period from 2015 to 2018 were studied. Results: research reveals the relationship between psychical adaptation and athletes’ gender, age, level of experience, and sport-related specifics. Conclusions: athletes of various Russian national teams (from juniors to elite) suffer from notable disadaptation. Thereupon the necessity of changes to the existing system of psychophysiological interventions within national teams (namely: development of preventive treatment programs and correction of disadaptation programs) verify its importance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спортсмены высшей квалификации</kwd><kwd>сборные команды России</kwd><kwd>мероприятия психологического характера</kwd><kwd>медикопсихологическое обеспечение</kwd><kwd>углубленное медицинское обследование</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>дезадаптация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>elite athletes</kwd><kwd>Russian national teams</kwd><kwd>extended medical examination (EME)</kwd><kwd>psychological interventions</kwd><kwd>biomedical support system</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>disadaptation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках прикладной научно-исследовательской работы по теме: «Разработка системы медикопсихологического обеспечения спортсменов спортивных сборных команд Российской Федерации» (шифр – «Контур-18»), государственное задание ФГБУ ФНКЦСМ ФМБА России на 2019 год № 67.003.18.800</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within framework of state contract № 67.003.18.800 with Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Багадирова С.К. Материалы к курсу «Спортивная психология»: учебное пособие // Майкоп: Изд-во «Магарин О. Г.», 2014. 243 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bagadirova SK. Materialy k kursu «Sportivnaya psikhologiya». Maykop: Magarin O.G. 2014. 243 p. Russian</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнова В.В. Соотношение компонентов психологического сопровождения спортивной деятельности // Ученые записки университета имени П.Ф. Лесгафта. 2009. №10 (56). С.89-93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smirnova VV. The correlation of psychological support components in physical activity. Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2009;10(56): 89-93. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курашвили В.А. Психологическая подготовка спортсменов. Инновационные технологии // Методическое пособие. М.: ЦСТ Москомспорта, 2011. 114 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurashvili VA. Psikhologicheskaya podgotovka sportsmenov. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii. Metodicheskoe posobie. M.: Moskomsport, 2011:114. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Митин И.Н. Психофизиологическая адаптация водителей и безопасность дорожного движения // Медицина катастроф. 2015. №2 (90). С.44-48</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitin IN. Coping of Drivers and Road-Traffic Safety. Disaster Medicine. 2015;2(90):44-48. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kara O., Polo O. Autonomic and Central Stress-Regulation Disintegration in Stress-Related Anxiety Disorders // Acta Neuropsychologica. 2014. Vol.12, №1. P.1-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kara O, Polo O. Autonomic and Central Stress-Regulation Disintegration in Stress-Related Anxiety Disorders. Acta Neuropsychologica. 2014;12(1):1-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fronso S. di, Robazza C., Bortoli L., Bertollo M. Performance Optimization in Sport: A Psychophysiological Approach Motriz // The Journal of Physical Education. 2017. v.23, №4. e1017138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fronso S di, Robazza C, Bortoli L, Bertollo M. Performance Optimization in Sport: A Psychophysiological Approach Motriz. The Journal of Physical Education. 2017;23(4):e1017138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Митин И.Н., Горовая А.Е., Кравчук Д.А., Добрушина О.Р., Жолинский А.В. Особенности психосоматических нарушений высококвалифицированных спортсменов // Спортивная медицина: наука и практика. 2018. Т.8. №2. С. 54-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitin IN, Gorovaya AE, Kravchuk DA, Dobrushina OR, Zholinsky AV. Aspects of psychosomatic disorders in highly qualified athletes. Sports medicine: research and practice. 2018;8(2): 54-61. Russian</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dias C., Cruz J. Coping strategies, multidimensional competitive anxiety and cognitive threat appraisal: Differences across sex, age and type of sport // Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences. 2010. №4(1). P. 23-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dias C, Cruz J. Coping strategies, multidimensional competitive anxiety, and cognitive threat appraisal: Differences across sex, age and type of sport. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences. 2010; 4(1):23-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маклаков А.Г. Основы психологического обеспечения профессионального здоровья военнослужащих // Автореферат дис. на соискание доктора псих. наук. СПб, 1996. 392 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maklakov AG. Osnovy psikhologicheskogo obespecheniya professional'nogo zdorov'ya voennosluzhashchikh. Avtoreferat dis. doktora psikh. nauk. Sankt-Peterburg. 1996:392. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артемов А.И., Воробьев И.И., Степанова Н.В. Основы организации медико-психологического обеспечения населения, медицинских работников и спасателей при чрезвычайных ситуациях // Прикладные информационные аспекты медицины. 2017. Т. 20, №1. С. 113-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artyomov AI, Vorobyev II, Stepanova NV. Osnovy organizatsii mediko-psikhologicheskogo obespecheniya naseleniya, meditsinskikh rabotnikov i spasateley prichrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh. Prikladnye informatsionnye aspekty meditsiny. 2017; 20(1):113-117. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медико-биологическое и медицинское обеспечение спорта высших достижений // под ред. В.В. Уйба, Ю.В. Мирошниковой, А.С. Самойлова. Тула: «Аквариус», 2014. 608 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medical-biological and medical support of sports. Под ред. Uyba VV, Miroshnikova YV, AS. Samoilovа AS. Tula: Aquarius, 2014:608. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ichraf A., Ali B., Khaled T., Liwa M., Ali E. Effect of gender and type of sport on anxiety and self-esteem // International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention. 2013. Vol.2 (3). P. 55-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ichraf A, Ali B, Khaled T, Liwa M., Ali E. Effect of gender and type of sport on anxiety and self-esteem. Internatio-nal Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention. 2013;2(3): 55-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaal K., Tafflet M., Nassif H., Thibault V., Pichard C, Alcotte M, Guillet Th, Helou N, Berthelot G, Simon S, Toussaint J.-F. Psychological Balance in High Level Athletes: GenderBased Differences and Sport-Specific Patterns // Public Library of Science. 2011. Vol.2 (3). e19007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schaal K, Tafflet M. Psychological Balance in High Level Athletes: Gender-Based Differences and Sport-Specific Patterns. Public Library of Science. 2011;6(5):e19007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yongtawee A., Woo M. The Influence of Gender, Sports Type and Training Experience on Cognitive Functions in Adolescent Athletes // Exercise Science. 2017. Vol.26 (2). P. 159-167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yongtawee A, Woo M. The Influence of Gender, Sports Type and Training Experience on Cognitive Functions in Adolescent Athletes. Exercise Science. 2017;26(2):159-167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nixdorf I., Raphael F. Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Correlating Variables Among German Elite Athletes // Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 2013. Vol.7(4). P. 313-326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nixdorf I, Raphael F. Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Correlating Variables Among German Elite Athletes. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 2013;7(4):313-326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
