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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Спортивная медицина: наука и практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sports medicine: research and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2524</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9014</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NEICON</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/ISSN2223-2524.2020.2.19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smjournal-199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПОРТИВНОЕ ПИТАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS SUPPLEMENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфо-функциональные особенности юных спортсменов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morpho-functional features of young athletes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9248-6292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рылова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rylova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рылова Наталья Викторовна, профессор кафедры госпитальной педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии, проф., д.м.н.  </p><p>+7(917)397-33-93</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Rylova, MD, D.Sc. (Medicine), Prof., Professor of the Department of Hospital Pediatrics with a course of outpatient pediatrics</p><p>+7(917)397-33-93 </p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rilovanv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-9761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолинский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholinsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жолинский Андрей Владимирович, директор, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrew V. Zholinsky, MD, Ph.D. (Medicine), Director </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВОКазанский государственный медицинский университет, Министерство здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation FMBA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рылова Н.В., Жолинский А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рылова Н.В., Жолинский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rylova N.V., Zholinsky A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/199">https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/199</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: изучить морфо-функциональныеособенности юных спортсменов. Материалы и методы: Обследованы 102 юных спортсмена в возрасте от 12 до 17 лет. Контрольную (0) группу составили 28 школьников, не занимающихся спортом профессионально. I группа – 35 детей, занимающихся циклическим видом спорта (плавание). II группу составили 47 детей, занимающихся хоккеем на траве. III группа – 20 юных фехтовальщиков. Для обследования детей применяли: сбор анамнеза, опрос, анкетирование, общеклинический осмотр, измерение артериального давления, динамометрия, антропометрия (измерение массы и длины тела, определение индекса массы тела), анализ компонентного состава тела. Проведены лабораторные и инструментальные методы исследования: клинический анализ крови, общий анализ мочи, электрокардиография в покое и после нагрузки, эхокардиография, исследование функции внешнего дыхания, УЗИ органов брюшной полости и малого таза. Результаты: по изучаемым параметрам физического развития юные спортсмены имеют показателивыше средних значений детей контрольной группы. Процент жира в организме мальчиков и девочек группы контроля достоверно выше, чем у юных спортсменов. В то же время уровень мышечной массы мальчиков, не занимающихся спортом, ниже показателя атлетов. Выводы: В результате проведенных исследований, данных диспансеризации, ретроспективного анализа выявлены достоверные различия в характеристиках исследуемых групп детей и подростков, а также наличие фоновых состояний индивидуальных для каждого вида спорта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to study the morphological and functional features of young athletes. Materials and methods: The study involved 102 young athletes aged 12 to 17. The control (0) group included 28 schoolchildren who were not involved in professional sport. The study group (1) included 35 children from a youth sport swimming school. The study group (2) included 47 young field hockey players. The study group (3) included 20 young athletes from the Republican Specialized Children and Youth Sports School of the Olympic Fencing Reserve of the Republic of Tatarstan. The examination of the children involved: anamnestic data, a survey, a general clinical examination, a blood pressure measurement, dynamometry, anthropometry (measurement of weight and height with body mass index calculation), body composition analysis with a TANITA analyzer. All the young athletes were examined by specialists: a cardiologist, a neurologist, a surgeon, an orthopedist, an ophthalmologist, an otorhinolaryngologist and a dentist. The laboratory and instrumental tests included: a clinical blood test, a general urine test, a resting ECG and a cardiac stress test, an echocardiogram, a respiratory function test, an ultrasound abdominal cavity and pelvic organs test. Results: the young athletes demonstrated higher physical development parameters than the average values in the control group. The percentage of the body fat in the boys and girls in the control group is significantly higher than that in the young athletes. At the same time, the muscle mass in boys not involved in sports is lower than the that in the groups of athletes. Findings: The study, the screening and the retrospective analysis revealed significant differences in the characteristics of the studied groups of children and adolescents, as well as the presence of individual conditions associated with sports.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юные спортсмены</kwd><kwd>мышечная масса</kwd><kwd>процент жировой массы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>young athletes</kwd><kwd>muscle mass</kwd><kwd>body fat percentage</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рылова Н.В., Биктимирова А.А., Жолинский А.В. 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