smjournalСпортивная медицина: наука и практикаSports medicine: research and practice2223-25242587-9014NEICON10.47529/2223-2524.2020.4.4smjournal-230Research ArticleФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ СПОРТАSPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRYБиомеханические характеристики плюсневой части стопы пловцов при ходьбеBiomechanical characteristics of the metatarsal part of the foot in swimmers in walkinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-0199ВасильевР.VasiljevR.

Васильев Радивой — к.пед.н., старший научный сотрудник Учебно-научного центра подготовки спортивного резерва 

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35.

Radivoj Vasiljev — Ph.D. (Pedagogy), Senior Researcher of the Educational and Scientific Center for the Training of Sports Reserve 

33, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138

radivojv@gmail.comВасильеваИ. А.VasiljevaI. A.

Васильева Ирина Александровна — к.пед.н., старший преподаватель кафедры плавания

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35.

Irina A.Vasiljeva — Ph.D. (Pedagogy), Senior teacher of the department of swimming 

33, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138

tisa@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1579-5729ЯкуповР. А.YakupovR. A.

Якупов Радик Альбертович  — д.м.н., профессор, директор Учебно-научного центра технологий подготовки спортивного резерва

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35.

Radik A. Yakupov — M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine), Professor, Director of the Educational and Scientific Center for the Training of Sports Reserve

33, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138

r.a.yakupov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0058-0968АсмановР. Ф.AsmanovR. F.

Асманов Рустам Флюрович  — спортивный врач Учебно-научного центра подготовки спортивного резерва 

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35.

Rustam F. Asmanov  — sports doctor of the Educational and Scientific Center for the Training of Sports Reserve 

33, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138

asmanvrustam@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Поволжская государственная академия физической культуры, спорта и туризма»РоссияVolga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and TourismRussian Federation2020260120211047684Copyright © Васильев Р., Васильева И.А., Якупов Р.А., Асманов Р.Ф., 20212021Васильев Р., Васильева И.А., Якупов Р.А., Асманов Р.Ф.Vasiljev R., Vasiljeva I.A., Yakupov R.A., Asmanov R.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/230Цель исследования

Цель исследования: изучение характера распределения давления под стопой при ходьбе у пловцов различного возраста и стажа занятий плаванием.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие пловцы возрастом 11,4 ± 1,9 года, обоего пола, со стажем тренировочных занятий не менее 4 лет (n = 23) и мастера спорта по плаванию возрастом 19,3 ± 1,5 года со стажем занятий 12,2 ± 1,3 года (n = 23). В исследовании использовалась подометрическая платформа footscan® фирмы RSscan. Регистрировались кинематические и динамические параметры давления под стопой при естественной ходьбе. Основное внимание уделено показателям контакта с опорой в зонах плюсневой части стопы. Учитывалось пиковое значение давления в каждой плюсневой зоне и время его достижения.

Результаты

Результаты. В ходе исследования выявлен порядок проявления максимальных значений давления под плюсневыми зонами, который определяется последовательностью: пятая, четвертая, первая, третья и вторая плюсневая зона. Выяснилось, что у спортсменов младшего возраста поперечный свод стопы при ходьбе претерпевает относительно бóльшую нагрузку, чем у старших. При возрастном отличии профиля загруженности плюсневых зон отмечены относительно высокие значения в зонах второй и третьей плюсны в обеих группах.

Заключение

Заключение: стопа пловца испытывает значимую профессиональную трансформацию, связанную со специфической спортивной деятельностью, что диктует необходимость внедрения в спортивную подготовку определенных профилактических и корригирующих мероприятий.

Objective

Objective: to investigate the characteristics of the distribution of pressure under the foot during walking in swimmers of various ages and experience.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The study involved swimmers aged 11.4 ± 1.9 years, of both sexes, with at least 4 years of training experience (n = 23) and masters of sports in swimming, 19.3 ± 1.5 years old with 12.2 ± 1.3 years of experience (n = 23). The study used a podometric footscan® platform from RSscan company. Kinematic and dynamic parameters of pressure under the foot during natural walking were recorded. The focus was on the indicators of contact with the support in the zones of the metatarsal part of the foot. The peak pressure value in each metatarsal zone and the time to reach it were taken into account.

Results

Results. In the course of the study, the order in which the maximum pressure under the metatarsal zones manifests was understood, which appeared in a sequence: fifth, fourth, first, third and second metatarsal zones. It was found that in young athletes the transverse arch of the foot during walking undergoes a relatively greater load than in older athletes. Moreover, relatively high values were noted in the zones of the second and third metatarsals in both age groups.

Conclusions

Conclusions: the swimmer’s foot experiences a significant professional transformation associated with specific sports activities, which dictates the need to introduce certain preventive and corrective measures into sports training.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.