smjournalСпортивная медицина: наука и практикаSports medicine: research and practice2223-25242587-9014NEICON10.47529/2223-2524.2022.3.10smjournal-453Research ArticleФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКАFUNCTIONAL TESTINGСтратегии постурального баланса у опытных ритмических гимнасток в стойках на двух ногахPostural balance strategies for experienced rhythmic gymnasts in two-legged standshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-1257КоноваловаЛ. А.KonovalovaL. A.

Коновалова Лилия Александровна, к.пед.н., доцент кафедры теории и методики гимнастики

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35

Liliya A. Konovalova, Ph.D. (Pedagogy), Associate Professor of the department of theory and methods of gymnastics

35, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420010

liliykonovalov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-0199ВасильевР.VasiljevR.

Васильев Радивой, к.пед.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биомеханики спорта научно-исследовательского института физической культуры и спорта

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35

Radivoj Vasiljev, Ph.D. (Pedagogy), Senior Researcher of the Educational and Scientific Center for the Training of Sports Reserve

35, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420010

radivojv@gmail.comЛысенкоЛ. Г.LysenkoL. G.

Лысенко Лилия Геннадьевна, магистрант института физической культуры

420010, Казань, Деревня Универсиады, 35

Liliya G. Lysenko, master's student of the Institute of Physical Culture

35, Universiade Village, Kazan, 420010

lilya_lysenko_99@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Поволжский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и туризма»РоссияVolga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and TourismRussian Federation2022030220231236071Copyright © Коновалова Л.А., Васильев Р., Лысенко Л.Г., 20232023Коновалова Л.А., Васильев Р., Лысенко Л.Г.Konovalova L.A., Vasiljev R., Lysenko L.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/453

Целью исследования было выяснить, как распределяется подошвенное давление у опытных ритмических гимнасток при выполнении поз с симметричной нагрузкой на обе ноги с открытыми и закрытыми глазами.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы: 31 гимнастка высокой квалификации (кандидаты и мастера спорта России, возраст 18,5 ± 0,5 года, стаж занятий художественной гимнастикой 13,5 ± 1,5 года) выполняли три вертикальные позы на подометрической платформе footscan® фирмы RSscan: основная стойка, модифицированная проба Ромберга с открытыми и закрытыми глазами. Регистрировали величину подошвенного давления (P%) по отношению к четырем зонам правой и левой стопы и траектории движения центра давления (ЦД) относительно временных интервалов.

Результаты показали, что у опытных гимнасток присутствует правостороннее перераспределение подошвенного давления. Позные колебания происходят преимущественно в направлении вперед-назад, но имеют комбинированные варианты регуляции балансом, сочетая две стратегии: голеностопную и переноса веса с ноги на ногу. В основной стойке это сагитталльно-перекрестная схема. В пробе Ромберга с открытыми глазами и закрытыми глазами это сагиттально-параллельный и сагиттально-асимметричный баланс соответственно. Выявлено, что отсутствие визуальной информации при сохранении осанки существенно увеличивает колебания тела только первые 12 секунд.

Заключение

Заключение: выявленное разнообразие комбинаций двух видов стратегий при сохранении осанки в простых позах указывает на способность опытных гимнасток тонко регулировать позной устойчивостью, в том числе и при отсутствии зрительной информации.

Objective

Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the indicators of the distribution of plantar pressure in the two-legged stands with open and closed eyes in experienced rhythmic gymnasts.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods: 31 highly qualified gymnasts (candidates and masters of sports of Russia), age 18.5 ± 0.5 years, experience in rhythmic gymnastics 13.5 ± 1.5, performed three upright postures on the footscan ® podometric platform of RSscan: the main stand, a modified Romberg test with open and closed eyes. Postural control was assessed by quantifying the plantar pressure (P%) in relation to 4 zones of the right and left foot and the trajectory of the movement of the center of pressure (CP) over time intervals.

Results

Results: The results of the study showed the presence of a right-sided distribution of plantar pressure in two-legged stands in experienced gymnasts. The regulation of posture occurs mainly in the anterior-posterior direction, but has different strategies for managing balance. The sagittal-cross pattern determines the interaction of plantar pressure between the right and left feet in the basic pose. The Romberg test with open eyes (EO) and closed eyes (EC) characterizes sagittal-parallel and sagittal-asymmetric balance, respectively. We revealed an increase in the vibrations of the gymnast's body in the absence of visual information for only the first 12 seconds.

Conclusions

Conclusions: We have identified a variety of combinations of two types of strategies while maintaining posture in simple poses. This indicates the ability of experienced gymnasts to fine-tune the postural stability, including in the absence of visual information.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.