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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Спортивная медицина: наука и практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sports medicine: research and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2524</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9014</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NEICON</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47529/2223-2524.2024.2.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smjournal-614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И БИОХИМИЯ СПОРТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка функционального состояния организма высококвалифицированных пловцов на основе анализа корреляций и динамики показателей морфологического состава крови после нагрузочного тестирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the functional state of the body of highly qualified swimmers based on the analysis of correlations and dynamics of indicators of the morphological composition of the blood after the stress test</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-2178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даутова</surname><given-names>A. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dautova</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даутова Альбина Зуфаровна, к.б.н., доцент кафедры медико‑биологических дисциплин, старший научный сотрудник НИИ физической культуры и спорта</p><p>420138, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, тер. Деревня Универсиады, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Al’bina Z. Dautova, Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines, Senior Researcher at the Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sports</p><p>35 ter. Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dautova.az@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мавлиев</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavliev</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мавлиев Фанис Азгатович, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник НИИ физической культуры и спорта, доцент кафедры медико‑биологических дисциплин</p><p>420138, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, тер. Деревня Универсиады, 35 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fanis A. Mavliev, Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines, Senior Researcher at the Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sports</p><p>35 ter. Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fanis16rus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дрожецкий</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozhetsky</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дрожецкий Дмитрий Анатольевич, старший преподаватель кафедры теории и методики водных видов спорта</p><p>420138, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, тер. Деревня Универсиады, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Drozhetsky, Senior Lecturer, Department of Theory and Methodology of Aquatic Sports</p><p>35 ter. Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">swimworld@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zverev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зверев Алексей Анатольевич, к.б.н., доцент, директор НИИ физической культуры и спорта</p><p>420138, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, тер. Деревня Универсиады, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Zverev, Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sports</p><p>35 ter. Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekcei5@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаренко Андрей Сергеевич, к.б.н., доцент, проректор по научной работе и международной деятельности</p><p>420010, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, тер. Деревня Универсиады, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Nazarenko, Ph.D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Vice Rector for Research and International Activities</p><p>35 ter. Universiade Village, Kazan, 420138, Republic of Tatarstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hard@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Поволжский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и туризма»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volga Region State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Даутова A.З., Мавлиев Ф.А., Дрожецкий Д.А., Зверев А.А., Назаренко А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Даутова A.З., Мавлиев Ф.А., Дрожецкий Д.А., Зверев А.А., Назаренко А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dautova A.Z., Mavliev F.A., Drozhetsky D.A., Zverev A.A., Nazarenko A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/614">https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/614</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка связей и динамики гематологических показателей до и после нагрузочного тестирования у высококвалифицированных пловцов‑спринтеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: обследовано 16 высококвалифицированных пловцов мужского (n = 8) и женского (n = 8) пола в возрасте 19,31 ± 1,08 года. У спортсменов проводили забор венозной крови до и после физической нагрузки. Оценивались основные эритроцитарные, лейкоцитарные и тромбоцитарные индексы на анализаторе Nihon Kohden MEK‑7222 (Япония). В качестве физической нагрузки использовался ступенчато‑возрастающий тест на эргометре до отказа. С помощью корреляционного анализа изучены взаимосвязи между показателями крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: установлено значительное варьирование гематологических показателей крови у спортсменов‑пловцов как в покое, так и после физической нагрузки. Как у мужчин, так и у женщин с увеличением числа эритроцитов наблюдалось повышение гематокрита. При этом у женщин‑спортсменок рост эритроцитарных показателей сопровождался снижением тромбоцитарных индексов. У пловцов‑мужчин обнаружены обратные связи преимущественно только между лейкоцитарными индексами крови. У спортсменок количество прямых и обратных связей после нагрузочного тестирования сохранялось на том же уровне, что и в состоянии относительного покоя, тогда как у мужчин‑пловцов после физической нагрузки уменьшалось количество прямых корреляций. Обратная зависимость между числом эритроцитов и их средним объемом как критерий наилучшей подготовленности спортсменов не обнаружена ни у женщин, ни у мужчин — пловцов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: тренировочный эффект спортсменок проявлялся формированием различных взаимозависимостей между показателями крови, что свидетельствует о лучшей адаптации системы крови к тренировочным нагрузкам. Тогда как у мужчин‑пловцов картина взаимосвязей указывает на наличие напряженности регуляторных механизмов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the interactions and dynamics of hematological parameters before and after exercise testing in high performance sprint swimmers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: 16 male (n = 8) and female (n = 8) high‑performance swimmers (19.31 ± 1.08 years) were studied. Venous blood samples were taken before and after exercise. Erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet indices were assessed. Physical activity was a stepwise incremental test on an ergometer until failure.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: a significant variation in hematological blood parameters was found in the swimmers both at rest and after exercise. In both men and women an increase in haematocrit was observed with an increase in erythrocyte count. The increase in erythrocyte indices was accompanied by a decrease in platelet indices in female athletes. In males, inverse relationships were mainly found only between the leukocyte blood indices. In female athletes, the number of direct and feedback correlations after exercise remained at the same level as at rest, whereas in men the number of direct correlations decreased after exercise.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: the training effect in females was manifested by the formation of several interdependencies between blood parameters, indicating a better adaptation of the blood system to the training load. In men, on the other hand, the pattern of relationships indicates the presence of tension in the regulatory mechanisms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гематология</kwd><kwd>гематологические индексы</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>нагрузочное тестирование</kwd><kwd>пловцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hematology</kwd><kwd>hematologic indices</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>stress testing</kwd><kwd>swimmers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания (НИОКТР 123100600294‑2).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out as part of a government contract (№123100600294‑2).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нехвядович А.И., Будко А.Н. 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