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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Спортивная медицина: наука и практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sports medicine: research and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2524</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9014</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NEICON</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47529/2223-2524.2024.3.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smjournal-639</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ СПОРТСМЕНОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рациональная классификация спортсменов высшего мастерства на основе структуры заболеваемости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rational сlassification of top-level athletes based on morbidity patterns</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-9761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолинский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholinsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жолинский Андрей Владимирович, к.м.н., директор</p><p>121059, г. Москва, ул. Б. Дорогомиловская, 5.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Zholinsky, M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine), Director</p><p>5 B. Dorogomilovskaya str., Moscow, 121059</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ZholinskiiAV@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2732-5676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладышев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladyshev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гладышев Никита Сергеевич, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>121059, г. Москва, ул. Б. Дорогомиловская, 5.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Gladyshev, junior researcher</p><p>5 B. Dorogomilovskaya str., Moscow, 121059</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GladyshevNS@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-6194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадыкова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadykova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кадыкова Анастасия Игоревна, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики</p><p>121059, г. Москва, ул. Б. Дорогомиловская, 5.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia I. Kadykova, Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>5 B. Dorogomilovskaya str., Moscow, 121059</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KadykovaAI@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-3841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деев</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deev</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Деев Роман Вадимович, к.м.н., доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник; первый заместитель директора</p><p>121059, г. Москва, ул. Б. Дорогомиловская, 5;</p><p>117418, г. Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Deev, M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher; First Deputy Director</p><p>5 B. Dorogomilovskaya str., Moscow, 121059;</p><p>3 Tsyurupy str., Moscow, 117418.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">DeevRV@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации Федерального медико-биологического агентства»; Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П. Авцына ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. академика Б.В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Federal Medical and Biological Agency; Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жолинский А.В., Гладышев Н.С., Кадыкова А.И., Деев Р.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жолинский А.В., Гладышев Н.С., Кадыкова А.И., Деев Р.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zholinsky A.V., Gladyshev N.S., Kadykova A.I., Deev R.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/639">https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/639</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучение статистических данных о структуре заболеваний спортсменов высшего мастерства и выявление новых закономерностей их распространения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: анализ обезличенных медицинских данных 15 464 членов сборных команд России, проходивших углубленное медицинское обследование в клиниках Федерального медико-биологического агентства за период 2021–2023 годов. Данные включали различные антропометрические, физиологические и клинические параметры спортсменов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: определены 6 классификационных кластеров видов спорта, основанных на анализе основных групп заболеваний, наиболее часто встречающихся у спортсменов высшего мастерства. В каждом кластере высокая частота встречаемости заболеваний специфична для определенных видов спорта.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: проанализирована структура заболеваемости спортсменов высшего мастерства и разработана классификация видов спорта на основании распространенности и схожести патологических состояний в различных видах спорта. Этот классификационный подход может быть основой для создания индивидуализированных программ профилактики и реабилитации, учитывающих специфические риски для здоровья, связанные с различными видами спорта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study: to study statistical data on the structure of diseases in participants of Russian national sports teams and to create a classification based on the prevalence of diseases in different sports.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: analysis of anonymized medical data of 15,464 participants of Russian national teams who underwent in-depth medical examination in the clinics of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency for the period 2021–2023. The data included various anthropometric, physiologic, and clinical characteristics of the athletes. Statistical processing and data visualization were performed using the R programming language.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: 6 classification clusters of sports were identified based on the analysis of the main groups of diseases most frequently encountered in top skill athletes. In each cluster, high incidence of diseases is specific to certain sports.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: a classification of sports based on the prevalence of diseases in athletes of the national teams of the Russian Federation was developed. This classification approach can be the basis for the creation of individualized prevention and rehabilitation programs that take into account specific health risks associated with different sports.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спортивная медицина</kwd><kwd>спорт</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>медико-биологическое сопровождение</kwd><kwd>углубленное медицинское обследование</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sports medicine</kwd><kwd>sport</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>medical and biological support</kwd><kwd>in-depth medical examination</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Научное исследование проведено на основании выполнения Государственного задания «Изучение генетических маркеров, лимитирующих и определяющих успешность соревновательной деятельности, профилактика нежелательных последствий такой деятельности для жизни и здоровья спортсменов» (шифр: «МГИ-22»). Регистрационный номер НИОКТР: 122032300491-3.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The scientific research was carried out on the basis of fulfilment of the State task ‘Study of genetic markers limiting and determining the success of competitive activity, prevention of undesirable consequences of such activity for life and health of athletes’ (code: ‘MGI-22’). Registration number of the R&amp;D project: 122032300491-3.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pontarotti G., Mossio M., Pocheville A. The genotype-phenotype distinction: from Mendelian genetics to 21st century biology. Genetica. 2022;150(3-4):223–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-022-00159-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pontarotti G., Mossio M., Pocheville A. The genotype-phenotype distinction: from Mendelian genetics to 21st century biology. 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