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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Спортивная медицина: наука и практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sports medicine: research and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2524</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9014</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NEICON</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47529/2223-2524.2024.4.6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smjournal-700</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПОРТИВНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние техники эмоциональной свободы на тревожность во время соревнований и уровень слюнного кортизола у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effectiveness of emotional freedom technique on competition anxiety and salivary cortisol of elite taekwondo athletes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7795-6308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моллазаде</surname><given-names>Махди</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mollazadeh</surname><given-names>Mahdi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махди Моллазаде, доктор философии по спортивной психологии, сотрудник кафедры спортивной психологии факультета физического воспитания и спортивных наук,</p><p>ул. Каргар Шомали, Тегеран, 1439955975.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mahdi Mollazadeh, Ph.D. in Sport Psychology, Member of Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,</p><p>Kargar Shomali Street, Tehran, 1439955975.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mahdi.mollazadeh@ut.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-1763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Занди</surname><given-names>Хассан Гараяг</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zandi</surname><given-names>Hassan Gharayagh</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хассан Гараяг Занди, доктор философии по спортивной психологии, сотрудник кафедры спортивной психологии факультета физического воспитания и спортивных наук,</p><p>ул. Каргар Шомали, Тегеран, 1439955975.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hassan Gharayagh Zandi, Ph.D. in Sport Psychology, Member of Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,</p><p>Kargar Shomali Street, Tehran, 1439955975. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-0140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбанзаде</surname><given-names>Бехруз</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ghorbanzadeh</surname><given-names>Behrooz</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бехруз Горбанзаде, доктор философии по двигательному поведению, сотрудник кафедры двигательного поведения, факультет физического воспитания и спортивных наук,</p><p>ул. Тебриз, г. Тебриз, 5375171379.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Behrooz Ghorbanzadeh, Ph.D. in Motor Behavior, Member of Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,</p><p>Tabriz Street, Tabriz, 5375171379. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-776X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сури</surname><given-names>Рахман</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soori</surname><given-names>Rahman</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахман Сури, доктор философии по физиологии упражнений, сотрудник кафедры физиологии упражнений, факультет физического воспитания и спортивных наук,</p><p>ул. Каргар Шомали, Тегеран, 1439955975. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rahman Soori, Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology, Member of Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,</p><p>Kargar Shomali Street, Tehran, 1439955975. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тегеранский университет</institution><country>Иран</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tehran</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Азербайджанский университет имени Шахида Мадани</institution><country>Иран</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Моллазаде М., Занди Х.Г., Горбанзаде Б., Сури Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Моллазаде М., Занди Х.Г., Горбанзаде Б., Сури Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mollazadeh M., Zandi H.G., Ghorbanzadeh B., Soori R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/700">https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/700</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: В соревновательном спорте спортсмены могут испытывать ухудшение психических и физических функций из-за переживания ряда негативных эмоций. Поэтому цель данного исследования — определить эффективность техники эмоциональной свободы (ТЭС) на психологические и физиологические реакции соревновательной тревоги у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: В исследование были включены 29 элитных мужчин, занимающихся тхэквондо в провинции Тегеран, которые были отобраны методом случайной выборки и случайным образом разделены на группы контроля (16 участников) и вмешательства (13 участников). В ходе предварительного тестирования (первое соревнование) были измерены когнитивные компоненты соревновательной тревожности (когнитивная тревожность, уверенность в себе и физическая тревожность) и физиологический компонент слюнного кортизола в обеих группах. Экспериментальная группа провела 10 сеансов ТЭС-тренинга, а контрольная группа — только физические тренировки.</p><p>По окончании ТЭС-интервенции был проведен посттест (второе соревнование). Анализ данных проводился в программе SPSS 22.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: После ТЭС-интервенции в группе вмешательства по сравнению с контрольной группой наблюдалось снижение компонентов когнитивной тревоги, соматической тревоги и слюнного кортизола, а также повышение компонента уверенности в себе.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: ТЭС может быть полезным инструментом для снижения физиологической и психологической тревожности у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо. Таким образом, спортивным психологам и тренерам предлагается использовать ТЭС для снижения когнитивных и физиологических компонентов соревновательной тревожности у спортсменов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study: In competitive sports, athletes may experience impaired mental and physical function due to experiencing a series of negative emotions. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the effectiveness of emotional freedom technique (EFT) on the psychological and physiological responses of competitive anxiety in elite taekwondo athletes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: This study included 29 elite male taekwondo practitioners in Tehran province who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into groups of control (16 participants) and intervention (13 participants). In the pre-test (first competition), the cognitive components of competitive anxiety (cognitive anxiety, self-confidence and physical anxiety) and the physiological component of salivary cortisol of both groups were measured. The experimental group did 10 sessions of EFT training and the control group did only physical training. After the EFT intervention, the post-test (second competition) was taken. Data analysis was used in SPSS 22.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: After EFT intervention, the intervention group compared to control group, had a decrease in the components of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and salivary cortisol, as well as an increase in the component of self-confidence.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: EFT might be a useful tool for reducing the physiological and psychological anxiety of elite male taekwondo athletes. Thus it is suggested that sports psychologists and coaches use EFT to reduce the cognitive and physiological components of competitive anxiety in athletes. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>техника эмоциональной свободы</kwd><kwd>кортизол слюны</kwd><kwd>соревновательная тревожность</kwd><kwd>элитные тхэквондисты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Emotional freedom technique</kwd><kwd>Salivary Cortisol</kwd><kwd>Competitive State Anxiety</kwd><kwd>Elite taekwondo players</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zamani A., Moradi A. The Comparison of the Trait Anxiety, State Anxiety, and Confidence in three Sport Teams and Three Idvidual Sports. Knowledge &amp; Research in Applied Psychology. 2009;40(11):63–73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zamani A., Moradi A. 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