smjournalСпортивная медицина: наука и практикаSports medicine: research and practice2223-25242587-9014NEICON10.47529/2223-2524.2025.4.7smjournal-728Research ArticleРЕАБИЛИТАЦИЯREHABILITATIONНемедленные и долгосрочные эффекты антипронационных стелек на пространственно-временные параметры ходьбы у людей с плоскостопиемImmediate and long-term effects of anti-pronation insoles on spatiotemporal gait parameters in individuals with flat feethttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-8475СолтаниН.SoltaniN.

Негин Солтани, аспирант кафедры спортивной биомеханики, Центральная Тегеранская ветвь Исламского университета Азад

проспект Пасдаран, 9 Тегеран, 16588, Иран

Negin Soltani, PhD Student of Department of Sports Biomechanics, Central Tehran Branch

Pasdaran Ave., 9, Tehran, 16588 Iran

negin.soltani@iau.irhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-4937МаджлесиМ.MajlesiM.

Махди Маджлеси, доцент по спортивной биомеханике, кафедра спортивной биомеханики, Хамеданская ветвь Исламского университета Азад

бульвар профессора Муссиванда, Хамедан, 6517653811, Иран

Mahdi Majlesi, Associate Professor of Department of Sport Biomechanics, Hamedan Branch

Professor Mussivand Blvd, Hamedan, 6517653811, Iran

m.majlesi@iau.irhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8863-4061ФатахиА.FatahiA.

Али Фатахи, ассистент кафедры спортивной биомеханики, Центральная Тегеранская ветвь Исламского университета Азад

проспект Пасдаран, 9 Тегеран, 16588, Иран

Ali Fatahi, Assistant Professor of Department of Sports Biomechanics, Central Tehran Branch

Pasdaran Ave., 9, Tehran, 16588 Iran

alifatahi@iau.ac.irИсламский университет АзадИранIslamic Azad UniversityIslamic Republic of Iran2025240320261542836Copyright © Солтани Н., Маджлеси М., Фатахи А., 20262026Солтани Н., Маджлеси М., Фатахи А.Soltani N., Majlesi M., Fatahi A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.smjournal.ru/jour/article/view/728Цель исследования

Цель исследования. В данном исследовании были изучены немедленные и долгосрочные эффекты антипронационных стелек на характеристики ходьбы у молодых взрослых с гибким плоскостопием по сравнению со здоровыми контрольными участниками.

Методы

Методы. Двадцать четыре участника (12 с плоскостопием, 12 в контрольной группе) прошли анализ походки босиком и в обуви с использованием 3D-системы регистрации движений. Группа с плоскостопием носила индивидуальные антипронационные стельки во время тестирования и продолжала их ежедневное использование в течение шести недель. Пространственно-временные параметры походки анализировались с применением дисперсионного анализа с повторными измерениями и многомерного дисперсионного анализа.

Результаты

Результаты. На исходном этапе у группы с плоскостопием были выявлены значимые временные различия, включая удлинение момента отрыва противоположной стопы и сокращение продолжительности одноопорной фазы (p < 0,05). Краткосрочное использование стелек привело к частичным улучшениям, тогда как после завершения шестинедельного вмешательства наблюдалось значительное увеличение длины шага и длины двойного шага, а также нормализация временных характеристик фазы опоры (p < 0,05). Частота шагов, скорость ходьбы и время шага не изменились.

Заключение

Заключение. Антипронационные стельки обеспечили как немедленные, так и устойчивые улучшения во временных и пространственных характеристиках ходьбы у людей с гибким плоскостопием. Важно отметить, что эти положительные эффекты проявлялись не только после одного сеанса, но и после шести недель использования, что подчёркивает адаптационный потенциал длительного вмешательства. Хотя скорость ходьбы и частота шагов не изменились, улучшения в длине шага, длине двойного шага и динамике фазы опоры указывают на повышение стабильности и эффективности.

Purpose of the study

Purpose of the study: This study examined the immediate and long-term effects of anti-pronation insoles on gait characteristics in young adults with flexible flatfoot compared with healthy controls.

Methods

Methods: Twenty-four participants (12 flatfoot, 12 controls) underwent gait analysis under barefoot and shod conditions using a 3D motion system. The flatfoot group wore custom anti-pronation insoles during testing and continued daily use for six weeks. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and MANOVA.

Results

Results: At baseline, the flatfoot group showed significant temporal differences, including prolonged opposite foot off and reduced single support duration (p < 0.05). Short-term insole use led to partial improvements, while post-intervention assessments demonstrated significant increases in step and stride length and normalization of stance-phase timing (p < 0.05). Cadence, walking speed, and step time remained unchanged.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Anti-pronation insoles produced both immediate and sustained improvements in gait timing and spatial characteristics in individuals with flexible flatfoot. Importantly, these benefits emerged not only after a single session but also following six weeks of use, underscoring the adaptive potential of long-term intervention. While gait velocity and cadence were unaffected, improvements in step and stride length and stance-phase dynamics suggest enhanced stability and efficiency. These findings support anti-pronation insoles as a conservative and clinically relevant strategy for restoring gait mechanics in individuals with flatfoot.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.