Влияние некоторых компонентов специализированных продуктов для спортсменов на кишечный микробиом и связанные с ним показатели макроорганизма

Цель: анализ данных литературы о влиянии некоторых компонентов специализированных пищевых продуктов для спортсменов на качественный и количественный состав кишечного микробиома и связанные с ним показатели макроорганизма.
Материалы и методы: поиск в крупнейших базах данных статей на английском и русском языках без ограничения глубины поиска по времени с использованием ключевых слов «специализированные пищевые продукты», «биологически активные вещества», «спортсмены», «питание», «микробиом», «микробиота», «supplements», «microbiota», «microbiome» «athletes», «nutrition».
Результаты: показано, что нормализация рациона, а следовательно, и пищевого статуса, дефицитного по некоторым макро- и микроэлементам, витаминам и антиоксидантам, возможна не только с использованием биологически активных добавок, содержащих эти и другие вещества, но и за счет потребления про- и пребиотиков, модулирующих и создающих благоприятные условия для поддержания оптимального состава кишечной микробиоты и эндогенного синтеза различных биологически активных веществ. Установлено участие микрофлоры в поддержании функциональной активности желудочно-кишечного тракта, обеспечении адекватного иммунного ответа, поддержании кислотно-щелочного баланса и водно-солевого обмена, синтезе ряда биологически активных веществ.
Заключение: оптимизация рационов питания спортсменов с использованием специализированной пищевой продукции, оказывающей модулирующее действие на микрофлору, занимает важное место в поддержании здоровья и работоспособности. При этом в большинстве проведенных исследований участвовали животные и требуется проведение исследований с участием больших выборок физически активных добровольцев и спортсменов разного уровня.

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