Практические рекомендации по стандартизации измерения метаболизма покоя методом непрямой калориметрии: литературный обзор

Точные показатели скорости метаболизма в покое необходимы для планирования диеты и контроля за составом тела не только для здоровых людей, но и для спортсменов. Ряд факторов может изменять скорость метаболизма в покое во время его измерения с помощью непрямой калориметрии. Применяемая методология может повлиять на результаты исследования. Необходима четкая стандартизация данной процедуры для получения наиболее точных результатов.

Цель: провести обзор литературы для определения оптимального состояния испытуемого и методики проведения процедуры измерения метаболизма покоя с помощью метода непрямой калориметрии.

Материалы и методы: поиск литературы проводился в базах данных «PubMed», «MEDLINE» и «Cochrane Library». Запрос включал ключевые слова и логические фразы: «calorimetry», «indirect calorimetry», «resting metabolic rate», «energy metabolism», «basal metabolism», «standards». Рассматривались только англоязычные исследования и исследования на человеке. Дополнительные сведения были определены в результате обзора и включены в обзор.

Результаты: описаны параметры стандартизации при проведении процедуры измерения метаболизма покоя: потребление пищи, этанола, кофеина, никотина; повседневная деятельность и физическая активность; положение тела в пространстве и состояние окружающей среды во время измерения; действия специалиста, проводящего процедуру, и т. д. В статье изложены эффективные методы проведения измерения метаболизма покоя для получения наиболее точных результатов как у спортсменов, та и у людей, не занимающихся спортом.

Заключение: нами была предпринята попытка сформировать точные методические правила по стандартизации и рекомендации измерения метаболизма покоя методом непрямой калориметрии.

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