Влияние техники эмоциональной свободы на тревожность во время соревнований и уровень слюнного кортизола у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо

Цель исследования: В соревновательном спорте спортсмены могут испытывать ухудшение психических и физических функций из-за переживания ряда негативных эмоций. Поэтому цель данного исследования — определить эффективность техники эмоциональной свободы (ТЭС) на психологические и физиологические реакции соревновательной тревоги у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо.

Материалы и методы: В исследование были включены 29 элитных мужчин, занимающихся тхэквондо в провинции Тегеран, которые были отобраны методом случайной выборки и случайным образом разделены на группы контроля (16 участников) и вмешательства (13 участников). В ходе предварительного тестирования (первое соревнование) были измерены когнитивные компоненты соревновательной тревожности (когнитивная тревожность, уверенность в себе и физическая тревожность) и физиологический компонент слюнного кортизола в обеих группах. Экспериментальная группа провела 10 сеансов ТЭС-тренинга, а контрольная группа — только физические тренировки.

По окончании ТЭС-интервенции был проведен посттест (второе соревнование). Анализ данных проводился в программе SPSS 22.

Результаты: После ТЭС-интервенции в группе вмешательства по сравнению с контрольной группой наблюдалось снижение компонентов когнитивной тревоги, соматической тревоги и слюнного кортизола, а также повышение компонента уверенности в себе.

Заключение: ТЭС может быть полезным инструментом для снижения физиологической и психологической тревожности у элитных спортсменов тхэквондо. Таким образом, спортивным психологам и тренерам предлагается использовать ТЭС для снижения когнитивных и физиологических компонентов соревновательной тревожности у спортсменов.

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