Aim of the study: to assess the prevalence of arterial hypertension in athletes with high BP values during an exercise test.

Methods: out of 2313 athletes 14–18 (15.5 ± 1.4) years old, according to the results of VEM, 128 (6 %; 60 m) people with high blood pressure values at maximum load were identified, 86 (67 %) of them underwent ABPM. The patient were divided into 2 groups: with normal — 62 (72 %) and high office BP – 24 (28 %).

Results: athletes with high office BP values had a significantly higher BMI. We did not note any significant differences in ABPM between the two groups. 71 % had arterial hypertension, 65 % had masked arterial hypertension.

Conclusions: in young elite athletes with high values of BP during exercise, 71 % are diagnosed arterial hypertension according to ABPM; in 65% masked arterial hypertension has detected, which dictates the need for ABPM in this group of athletes.

Introduction: Morphofunctional changes of the circulatory system organs detected in athletes may remain without due attention, as clinical (phenotypic) signs of pathological abnormalities are very similar to manifestations of cardiovascular system adaptation to intensive physical loads. The aim of the study is to propose a personalized algorithm for biomedical support of professional athletes with abnormalities and diseases of the circulatory organs based on clinical and genomic data.

Materials and methods: The results of in-depth medical examination (2021-2023) of 15,464 athletes who are members of Russian sports teams were analyzed. The structure of circulatory system diseases according to the codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10), which were included in the summary report of the last examination, was analyzed. Fifty athletes with abnormalities and diseases of the circulatory system organs, experiencing different degrees of intensity of dynamic and static loads in accordance with the Mitchell classification, were selected from the study sample for full genome sequencing and subsequent clinical interpretation of the obtained data.

Results: In the study sample the number of people with pathologic conditions of the circulatory system organs amounted to 6 946 people (45 %). Mitchell classification groups had statistically significant differences with respect to the prevalence of 10 diseases of the circulatory system organs. In 50 DNA samples of professional athletes, 5 probably pathogenic variants (10%), 19 variants with uncertain clinical significance (38%), relevant to the phenotype of a monogenic disease with circulatory system organ damage, were detected.

Conclusion: Molecular genetic testing is an effective tool for differential diagnostics of pathologic and adaptive changes in the organs of the circulatory system. Carrying causative genes in combination with clinical signs allows to change the tactics of medical and biological support of an athlete according to the proposed algorithm.

Introduction: Long-term anxiety can lead to increased injuries and negatively affect physical performance, but it is also a significant risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, participation in certain sports at a professional level is associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors such as excess body weight, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Therefore, the study of anxiety in elite athletes seems to us an urgent task.

Objective: to assess the prevalence of anxiety of varying severity among elite athletes permanently residing in the Tyumen region, and to identify possible associations of anxiety indicators with sports, gender and age.

Materials and methods: The study involved 141 elite athletes of the Tyumen region (40 (28.4 %) and 101 (71.6 %) female and male, respectively) aged from 14 to 38 years (average age 21.0 ± 4.2). Participants competed in both individual (biathlon and judo, n = 62 (44.0 %)) and team sports (volleyball, hockey, n = 79 (56.0%)). Anxiety (reactive and personal) was assessed using the Spielberger — Hanin questionnaire. To assess the independent relationship of the variables under consideration with anxiety indicators, multivariate analysis was used — multinomial logistic regression.

Results: Severe reactive anxiety was found in 21 (15.7 %) athletes, and severe personal anxiety in 26 (19.5 %) athletes. 80 (59.7 %) athletes had moderate reactive anxiety, and 83 (62.4 %) had moderate personal anxiety. When conducting multivariate analysis, independent associations of reactive anxiety with age (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI 1.08–1.45, p = 0.003), types of sports (OR = 0.39, 95 % CI 0.17) were established -0.94, p=0.036) and gender (OR=0.23, 95 % CI 0.06–0.93, p=0.039). Personal anxiety was independently associated with gender (OR = 0.12, 95 % CI 0.02–0.63, p = 0.013) and type of sport (OR = 0.29, 95 % CI 0.11–0.77, p = 0.013).

Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among elite athletes was quite high. Moreover, the indicator of reactive anxiety among them was independently and significantly associated with age, types of sports and gender, and the indicator of personal anxiety was associated with gender and types of sports.

Aim: to evaluate the subjective functional state of the knee joint in professional athletes after arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament depending on the type of the autograft.

Materials and methods: the study included 37 professional athletes, divided into 2 groups. Athletes of the first group underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft, i. e. semitendinosus and gracillis tendons (ST/GR group). Athletes of the second group underwent reconstruction using peroneus longus autograft (PL group). For subjective evaluation IKDC, Lysholm and Cincinnati questionnaires were used. The significance of differences was assessed using the Mann — Whitney test. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.

Results: according to the Cincinnati questionnaire, the median scores of athletes from the ST/GR group was 96.0 points, from the PL group — 100.0 points (Me [Q1; Q3]: 96.0 [91.0; 100.0] and 100.0 [92.3; 100.0], respectively). According to the criteria of the rating scale, the median Lysholm score in points in the ST/GR group was 95.0, and in the PL group — 97.5 points (Me [Q1; Q3]: 95.0 [90.0;100.0] and 97.5 [92.0;100.0], respectively). According to IKDC measurements, the median score in the ST/GR group was 90.8, and in the PL group — 95.4 (Me [Q1; Q3]: 90.8 [81.0; 94.3] and 95.4 [89.1; 98.5], respectively.

Conclusion: peroneus longus tendon autograft can be used for ACL reconstruction in professional athletes.

Objective: to demonstrate our own clinical case of an athlete with an unusual post-concussion syndrome after repeated concussion of the brain.

Materials and methods: presentation of own clinical observation in dynamics of a professional football player with repeated concussion of the brain complicated by post-concussion syndrome with laboratory-instrumental diagnostic methods.

Results: a professional football player, as a result of a re-diagnosed concussion of the brain, had headaches, mainly in the temporal and occipital regions, weather dependence, subfebrility, while there was no effect from taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. As a result of instrumental examinations, changes in MCT and MRI were revealed. The conducted examinations, methods of treatment, the plan of an individual rehabilitation program are described.

Conclusion: this clinical case is of great interest to practicing sports doctors, due to frequently recurring head injuries, especially in contact sports and the lack of an algorithm for treatment and rehabilitation of highly qualified athletes.

Xenon stimulates the synthesis of the hormone erythropoietin, which leads to improved oxygen supply to tissues, increased endurance and can be used by athletes to gain an undue advantage in competitions. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) banned its use. The determination of xenon in biological fluids, in particular, in blood plasma samples, is difficult due to the narrow detection window. Its indirect detection is possible by changing in some blood parameters during a clinical analysis (RET%, HGB, HCT, etc.), however, this analysis is nonspecific and the use of other erythropoiesis-stimulating agents can lead to similar changes.

Aims: The aim of the study was to search for long-term microRNA markers, the expression of which is specific and markedly altered by inhaled xenon.

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on CFX96 Bio-Rad analyser using miRCURY® LNA® miRNA SYBR® Green PCR Kit and panels for studying the expression profiles of mature microRNAs of the hypoxia signaling pathway miRCURY LNA™ miRNA Focus Panel.

Results: Based on statistical data analysis, it was found that the expression of hsa-miR-378a-3p and hsa-miR-491-5p in blood plasma increases significantly (more than 70 times) when xenon inhalations are used as an erythropoiesis stimulator. Measurement of hematological parameters before and after inhalation showed no significant changes that could affect endurance or give competitive advantages.

Conclusion: The evaluated difference in microRNA expression levels before and after administration of the xenon mixture (Xe/O2) makes hsa-miR-378a-3p and hsa-miR-491-5p potential candidates for the role of long-term markers of xenon abuse.

Purpose of the study: the aim of that study was an investigation of the level of adipokines, myokines and growth factors in the blood of athletes involved in acyclic sports — martial arts.

Materials and methods: we have investigated 15 male athletes aged 15–19 years. The control group included 15 healthy men of the same age who did not engage in sports. In the blood serum of the all subjects, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, irisin, adipsin, myostatin, FGF21, osteocrin and oncostatin were determined using a multiplex analysis.

Results: studies have shown that long-term regular martial arts training is accompanied by a decrease in the level of leptin, resistin and oncostatin M in the blood of athletes and a change in correlations between the content of the studied myokines, adipokines and growth factors compared with their values in the control group.

Conclusions: regular long-term martial arts training is accompanied by a decrease in the level of leptin, resistin and oncostatin M in the blood of athletes. Their occurrence is associated with changes in the state of regulatory systems that control the production and secretion of myokines, adipokines and growth factors in adipose, muscle, nervous and bone tissue. The resulting shifts ensure adaptation of the athletes’ bodies to physical activity.

Aim: to summarize the data published in our country and abroad on the diagnosis of cardiac complications after COVID‑19 and to compare it with our own experience of examining such athletes.

Materials and methods: open data sources such as eLibrary, Scopus, PubMed etc. were used as a scientific base to achieve the set goal, a meta-analysis of 42 domestic and foreign literature sources was carried out upon the results of post‑COVID changes in athletes. Besides that, the indicators of 11467 athletes, aged from 16 to 45 years, were studied who have been playing for the Moscow national team and who passed in‑depth medical examination on the basis of Sports Medicine Clinic in Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine.

Results: the prevalence of myocarditis in mild COVID‑19 in athletes does not exceed 1 %, arrhythmia does not exceed 9 %. Classical cardiovascular screening is sufficient for their detection in most cases. If hospitalization is necessary, the risks increase for myocarditis up to 7.2 %, for myocardial infarction up to 4,7 %, for other cardiac complications up to 3–14 % and require advanced diagnostics. For optimal resource management in the healthcare system, a working algorithm for examining athletes returning to trainings after a previous COVID‑19 is proposed.

Conclusion: in most cases a classical cardiovascular screening is enough for symptomatic individuals returning to sports trainings after the COVID‑19. However, additional examinations, including loading tests and MRT, are required to find out possible latent ongoing pathology as well to evaluate prospects for the athlete.